HardSQL challenge #319WINDOW FUNCTIONGROUP BYPERCENTAGE

User Contribution %

Find each user contribution to total revenue.

The challenge runs on the SQLabHub practice database (SQLite) and uses the orders table. You can solve it in the browser, with nothing to install.

Solve This SQL Challenge

The task

Find each user contribution to total revenue.

A correct answer returns 114 rows with 3 columns: user_id, user_total, pct.

Tables used in this challenge

`orders` 200 rows

id INTEGER (PK) · user_id INTEGER · total REAL · discount REAL · item_count INTEGER · status TEXT · order_date TEXT · shipped_date TEXT · shipping_city TEXT · shipping_country TEXT

First 3 rows of the orders table
id	user_id	total	discount	item_count	status	order_date	shipped_date	shipping_city	shipping_country
1	43	2638.11	0.25	3	cancelled	2024-04-24	NULL	Los Angeles	USA
2	8	2947	0.19	5	delivered	2024-03-15	2023-04-09	Chicago	USA
3	136	683.24	0.08	2	delivered	2023-02-15	2023-07-10	Los Angeles	USA

The first rows of each table are shown. See how all the tables relate on the database schema page.

Expected output

Expected output of the challenge
user_id	user_total	pct
1	4064.75	0.7954956948510806
2	1618.29	0.3167089557833951
4	4863.29	0.9517747113136876
5	4924.23	0.9637010309260191
6	7403.780000000001	1.4489636793467087

First 5 of 114 rows. This is the output of the model solution on the practice database. The task does not fix a sort order, so your rows may come back in a different order.

What you practise

Summarising many rows into one value with COUNT, SUM, AVG, MIN or MAX
Grouping rows with GROUP BY to get one result row per group
Attaching a total or average to every row with an aggregate OVER ()
Deriving a new column from an expression and naming it with an alias

Hint and approach

Try the challenge first. Open these only when you need them.

Show the hint

SUM OVER total

Show the step-by-step approach

How the model solution is built, in the order the database evaluates it:

Read from the orders table.
Group the rows by user_id, so the result has one row for each value.
For each group, compute SUM(total).
Compute SUM(SUM(total)) with an empty OVER (), so the figure for the whole result is repeated on every row.
Combine those values into pct: SUM(total) * 100.0 / SUM(SUM(total)) OVER ().

Model solution

Checking your session…

What to watch for

Window aggregates. A window aggregate keeps every row, while a plain aggregate collapses them. Mixing the two in one SELECT without GROUP BY is an error.
GROUP BY. Every selected column must either be in GROUP BY or sit inside an aggregate. SQLite accepts other columns and returns an arbitrary value for them; most databases raise an error.
Calculated columns. Dividing one integer by another truncates the result in SQLite. Multiply one side by 1.0 to get decimals.