HardSQL challenge #327AGGREGATIONSTATISTICSANALYSIS

Daily Sales Variance

Find products with highest daily sales variance.

The challenge runs on the SQLabHub practice database (SQLite) and uses the order_items table. You can solve it in the browser, with nothing to install.

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The task

Find products with highest daily sales variance.

A correct answer returns 119 rows with 2 columns: product_id, variance.

Tables used in this challenge

order_items 496 rows

id INTEGER (PK) · order_id INTEGER · product_id INTEGER · quantity INTEGER · unit_price REAL · subtotal REAL

First 3 rows of the order_items table
idorder_idproduct_idquantityunit_pricesubtotal
11765192.21961.05
21823107.1321.3
316515.395.39

The first rows of each table are shown. See how all the tables relate on the database schema page.

Expected output

Expected output of the challenge
product_idvariance
831058473.4246888892
7829500.1563039998
35816678.9905555558
17816105.1953888888
15746916.1846187499

First 5 of 119 rows. This is the output of the model solution on the practice database.

What you practise

  • Summarising many rows into one value with COUNT, SUM, AVG, MIN or MAX
  • Grouping rows with GROUP BY to get one result row per group
  • Sorting the result with ORDER BY
  • Deriving a new column from an expression and naming it with an alias

Hint and approach

Try the challenge first. Open these only when you need them.

Show the hint

variance formula

Show the step-by-step approach

How the model solution is built, in the order the database evaluates it:

  1. Read from the order_items table.
  2. Group the rows by product_id, so the result has one row for each value.
  3. For each group, compute AVG(subtotal * subtotal) and AVG(subtotal).
  4. Calculate variance from those aggregates: AVG(subtotal * subtotal) - AVG(subtotal)*AVG(subtotal).
  5. Sort the result by variance descending.

Model solution

Checking your session…

What to watch for

  • GROUP BY. Every selected column must either be in GROUP BY or sit inside an aggregate. SQLite accepts other columns and returns an arbitrary value for them; most databases raise an error.
  • Calculated columns. Dividing one integer by another truncates the result in SQLite. Multiply one side by 1.0 to get decimals.
  • ORDER BY. Without ORDER BY the row order is not guaranteed, even if it looks stable. Rows that tie on the sort columns can come back in any order.
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